Climate Smart Disaster Risk Reduction: Indigenous Knowledge Practiced for Agriculture Sector in Coastal Bangladesh

Authors

Md. Faisal, Milton Kumar Saha, A. K. M Abdul Ahad Biswas

Abstract

The coastal region of Bangladesh is highly exposed to climate-related natural disasters, with communities facing various hazards almost every year. Over generations, people in these areas have developed local or indigenous knowledge to adapt to their environment and reduce disaster impacts. This study focuses on identify, analyze, improve, and document indigenous knowledge that enhance resilience in the agriculture sector of Dashmina Upazila, Patuakhali District-one of the disaster-prone coastal regions. A mixed-method approach was used to collect data. Fifteen Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with 6–10 participants each explored community knowledge about agriculture. These were followed by 20 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with individuals such as social leaders, NGO workers, and community representatives to validate and expand on the FGDs’ findings. Additional data were gathered through direct observations using transect walks, five detailed case studies, and a review of secondary sources such as reports, articles, and research papers. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 for creating tables and summarizing information, while qualitative insights were described narratively. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis was used to evaluate the indigenous practices. The study identified several effective traditional practices, including crop selection based on weather observation, raised farming land, planting fruit trees on house plinths, arum cultivation in lowlands, ridge-furrow farming for hydrophobic plants, seed preservation in mud pitchers, and livestock management strategies like using raised platforms (Killa) and jute sack covers. These practices offer low-cost, practical solutions that improve agricultural resilience. The study recommends integrating such knowledge into disaster risk reduction and development planning.

Keywords

coastal area, disaster risk reduction, indigenous knowledge, agriculture

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 2
Pages: 87-112
Published: 2025-12-24

DOI and Full Text

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Suggested Citation

Faisal, M., Milton Kumar Saha, & Biswas, A. K. M. A. A. (2025). Climate Smart Disaster Risk Reduction: Indigenous Knowledge Practiced for Agriculture Sector in Coastal Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(2), 87-112. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.2.6

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From Vulnerability to Resilience: A Systematic Review of Odisha's Integrated Approach to Disaster Risk Reduction

Authors

Balaram Pradhan, Sanjeev Kumar, Dhananjay Nayak

Abstract

Odisha, a coastal state in India, has transformed its disaster management framework from a reactive model to a proactive, resilience-centred approach in response to frequent cyclones, floods, and climate-related hazards. This shift, necessitated by the need to protect lives, infrastructure, and livelihoods, gained momentum after the catastrophic 1999 Super Cyclone, which claimed over 10,000 lives and exposed critical gaps in preparedness. Over the past two decades, Odisha’s reforms have significantly reduced fatalities through improved policies, infrastructure, and community engagement. This review examines Odisha’s evolution in disaster governance from 1999 to 2024, analysing key initiatives such as the establishment of the Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA), early warning systems, cyclone shelters, and evacuation plans. Using the PRISMA framework, the study evaluates 40 peer-reviewed articles, reports, and policy documents to assess the impact of these measures. Despite progress, challenges remain, including last-mile connectivity in disaster warnings—particularly for remote tribal communities—and the growing threats posed by rising sea levels and intensifying cyclones. Nature-based solutions, such as mangrove restoration, and community-driven programs like Odisha’s Tsunami Ready initiative (involving 26 villages) offer scalable strategies for enhancing resilience. These experiences provide valuable lessons for other vulnerable regions, such as Indonesia and the Philippines. Moving forward, prioritising technological integration, decentralised governance, and sustainable recovery strategies will be crucial for strengthening Odisha’s long-term climate resilience.

Keywords

disaster governance, Odisha, cyclone resilience, early warning systems, community participation, climate adaptation

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 519-532
Published: 2025-06-18

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Pradhan, B., Kumar , S., & Nayak , D. (2025). From Vulnerability to Resilience: A Systematic Review of Odisha’s Integrated Approach to Disaster Risk Reduction . International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 519-532. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.30

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University Students’ Perception, Knowledge, and Preparedness of Flood Disaster Risk Management in Assam (India)

Authors

Pritisha Barik, Anjan Bhuyan, Sanayanbi Hodam

Abstract

Assam is a state in India that is highly vulnerable to floods. This study aims to evaluate flood disaster risk perception, knowledge, and preparedness among university students in Assam. A quantitative survey was conducted through an online questionnaire. A total of 50 samples (25 PhD, 25 postgraduate) were collected. Participants were asked about their perceptions of flood risk, knowledge, and preparedness regarding flood disaster risk management. By using the structured questionnaire and Pearson's Chi-Square test to determine the statistical significance of differences between the university students. The finding shows that 96% admit that riverine communities are vulnerable to floods. Although 78% of households need emergency plans, only 4% practice evacuation drills. Eighty-four per cent of PhD students exhibit a higher risk perception of interruption in essential services during a flood. Overall, 62% were aware of the Assam State Disaster Management Authority (ASDMA). At most, 28% understood district-level flood management systems. Awareness of ASDMA notably correlated with trust in timely warnings (52% aware and 48% unaware). Despite 86% of respondents monitoring weather alerts, 82% were unaware of community warning signals, and 56% had an unavailability of emergency contacts. The study highlights an analytical gap between theoretical awareness and practical preparedness among university students in Assam. The findings emphasise the need to integrate disaster drills into academic curricula, strengthen community-institutional partnerships, and develop localised educational tools to bridge this gap. These strategies are necessary for enhancing resilience in flood-prone regions of Assam, establishing knowledge, and promoting actionable preparedness.

Keywords

University students, perception, knowledge, preparedness, flood management, Assam

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 417-430
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

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Suggested Citation

Barik, P., Bhuyan, A., & Hodam, S. (2025). University Students’ Perception, Knowledge, and Preparedness of Flood Disaster Risk Management in Assam (India). International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 417-430. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.24

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Ensuring Disaster Management Practices in Academic Libraries of Ghana: The Issues at Hand

Authors

Asante Edward, Odoom Franklin Dodzi, Adjei Budu Kenneth Wilson

Abstract

The study focused on ensuring disaster management practices in academic libraries of Ghana, with a specific emphasis on a technical university library in Ghana. The convenience sampling method was used to select the study participants. The participants consisted of 455 respondents drawn from the university community. The study adopted a descriptive survey. The researchers used a Five-point Likert scale questionnaire to measure the various constructs. The researchers on the campus of a technical university in Ghana administered this. Out of 455 questionnaires distributed, 443 were valid for analysis. This represented 97.4% of the sample size and was valid for analysis. Using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 computer software, the data obtained were analysed. The results showed that all the hypotheses tested indicated a positive relationship between the independent variables (Causes of Disaster, Technological Approaches, Challenges of Disaster Management, and Disaster Management Policy) and the dependent variable (Disaster Management Practices), except for the relationship between Challenges of Effective Management and the dependent variable. This suggests that the management of academic libraries in ensuring practical disaster management issues of the causes of disasters such as flooding, power fluctuations, power surges, fire outbreaks, roof leakages, earthquakes, mutilation, hacking of the library computers, plumbing defects as well as activities of pests (termites, cockroaches, rodents) among others should be given attention. The study recommends implementing technological approaches, such as fire detectors, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, fire alarms, and CCT cameras, among others, to mitigate the occurrence of natural disasters. The study further recommends that academic libraries, in their pursuit of achieving effective disaster management, should develop a disaster recovery plan and policy to guide implementation. The policy should outline timelines for staff training, periodic inspections, security upgrades, repair of leakages and assembly points, and creation of awareness about disasters and emergency response lines, among others, as they form the core elements of ensuring disaster management practices in an emergency.

Keywords

causes of disaster, technological approaches, challenges of disaster management, disaster management policy, disaster management practices, disaster recovery plan

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 399-416
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

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Suggested Citation

Edward, A., Dodzi, O. F., & Wilson, A. B. K. (2025). Ensuring Disaster Management Practices in Academic Libraries of Ghana: The Issues at Hand. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 399-416. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.23

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Large-Area Emergency Lockdowns with Automated Driving Systems

Authors

Noah Goodall

Abstract

Region-wide restrictions on personal vehicle travel have a long history in the United States, from riot curfews in the late 1960s to travel bans during snow events to the 2013 shelter-in-place “lockdown” during the search for the perpetrator of the Boston Marathon bombing. Because lockdowns require a tremendous amount of resources to enforce, they are often limited in duration or scope. The introduction of automated driving systems may enable governments to quickly and cost-effectively implement large-scale lockdowns by disrupting wireless communications, inserting road closures into digital maps, exploiting a vehicle’s programming to obey all traffic control devices, or coordinating with vehicle manufacturers. Future vehicles may lack conventional controls, rendering them undrivable by the public. As travel restrictions become easier to implement, governments may enforce them more frequently, over longer durations and wider areas. This article examines the practical, legal, and ethical implications of lockdowns in scenarios where most driving is highly automated and offers guidance on the development of lockdown policies.

Keywords

travel restriction, automated vehicle, autonomous vehicle, self-driving, robotaxi

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 385-398
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

DOI: View DOI record
Article Page: View article page
PDF: Download full-text PDF

Suggested Citation

Goodall, N. (2025). Large-Area Emergency Lockdowns with Automated Driving Systems. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 385-398. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.22

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Guardians of Safety: Assessing Awareness and Preparedness of Teachers along with School Initiatives for Disaster Risk Reduction

Authors

Battepurath Razia

Abstract

Schools are the foundational pillars of society, shaping the future of the nation. Ensuring the safety and security of students and staff is vital; however, it has been observed that schools are among the most vulnerable institutions during disasters. The present survey aimed to explore teachers' awareness and preparedness for disaster risk reduction related to earthquakes and fire hazards in schools. Additionally, it assesses the availability of resources allocated for earthquake and firebreak preparedness in schools. The study was conducted on a sample of 553 primary and secondary school teachers from various schools in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. The findings reveal that the majority (80.39%) of teachers are familiar with the evacuation routes in the school; however, only 29.40% have received training for the "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" technique needed for earthquake risk reduction. 37.25% of teachers have received training in using fire extinguishers or fire alarms in schools. Significantly, few schools (41.09%) reported that mock drills were held regularly to train students in emergencies. A concerning gap prevailed in the training of teachers and students regarding disaster risk reduction in schools. Key findings indicate an urgent need for comprehensive, hands-on training programs for teachers at both pre-service and in-service levels. In conclusion, the survey emphasises the critical need to prioritise DRR activities in schools and teacher education institutions while also investing swiftly in the preparedness of teachers. By providing the necessary skills and resources, schools can significantly enhance teachers' capacity to protect the lives and well-being of students during unforeseen circumstances.

Keywords

disaster risk reduction, awareness, disaster preparedness, earthquake, fire hazard

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 325-338
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

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Article Page: View article page
PDF: Download full-text PDF

Suggested Citation

Razia, B. (2025). Guardians of Safety: Assessing Awareness and Preparedness of Teachers along with School Initiatives for Disaster Risk Reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 325-338. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.19

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