Domestic Hiking Tourism for Post-COVID Recovery and Transformation

Authors

Kebrabe Matewos

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted global tourism, necessitating adaptive recovery strategies. This study explores the role of domestic hiking tourism in Ethiopia as a resilience mechanism for post-pandemic recovery and transformation. Using a qualitative case study approach, interviews were conducted with 16 hiking organisers in Addis Ababa to assess the factors contributing to the growth of hiking tourism, the challenges faced during the pandemic, and its potential as a catalyst for tourism recovery. Findings indicate that shifting travel preferences, increased health awareness, the influence of digital media, and emerging government initiatives have fueled the rise of hiking tourism. However, regulatory gaps, enforcement of health protocols, and political instability remain key challenges. Despite these obstacles, domestic hiking tourism has played a crucial role in revitalising the tourism industry, fostering community engagement, and promoting local economic development. This study highlights the importance of policy support, infrastructure investment, and regulatory frameworks in sustaining Ethiopia’s growing hiking tourism sector as a long-term recovery strategy.

Keywords

COVID-19, domestic hiking tourism, post-COVID recovery, tourism resilience

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 283-300
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

DOI: View DOI record
Article Page: View article page
PDF: Download full-text PDF

Suggested Citation

Matewos, K. (2025). Domestic Hiking Tourism for Post-COVID Recovery and Transformation. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 283-300. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.16

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Predictors of Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Among Adult Residents in Selected Highly-Dense Barangays in Tondo, Manila

Authors

Pamela Desalit, Gielian Bernard Duque, Trisha Mae Edradan, Krizza Hana Enciso, Micaela Raine Enriquez, Warren Kemuel M. Pan

Abstract

The Philippines' geographical location and high population density, along with the effects of climate change, make the country vulnerable to disasters like typhoons, fires, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. Densely populated areas, such as Tondo, Manila, are especially at risk, necessitating stronger community disaster preparedness and response efforts. Thus, this study examined the predictors and level of disaster response self-efficacy (DRSE) among adult residents of highly dense barangays in Tondo, Manila. The study utilised a descriptive correlational research design. A total of 281 participants from three selected, highly dense barangays in Tondo, Manila, were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using an adapted and validated instrument that assessed disaster response self-efficacy and its associated predictors. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha, and the data were analysed using multiple linear regression in IBM SPSS Version 25. Significant predictors of disaster response self-efficacy included community support (B = 0.382, p < 0.000), past disaster experience (B = 0.196, p < 0.000), perceived susceptibility (B = 0.169, p = 0.006), and monthly income (B = -0.00000685, p = 0.005). No significant associations were observed for gender, education level, duration of residence, geographical perspective, or perceived severity of the condition. Overall, participants exhibited high disaster response self-efficacy. Community support, past disaster experiences, and perceived susceptibility all enhance disaster response self-efficacy in highly dense urban populations, while income constraints appear to be a limiting factor. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health strategies to strengthen community resilience and preparedness in vulnerable areas.

Keywords

predictors, disaster response, self-efficacy, highly-dense barangays, Tondo, Manila

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 301-312
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

DOI: View DOI record
Article Page: View article page
PDF: Download full-text PDF

Suggested Citation

Desalit, P., Duque, G. B., Edradan, T. M., Enciso, K. H., Enriquez, M. R., & M. Pan, W. K. (2025). Predictors of Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Among Adult Residents in Selected Highly-Dense Barangays in Tondo, Manila. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 301-312. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.17

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Through local radio broadcasting. Disasters, 35(4), 801–815

48. Uhm, D., Jung, G., Yun, Y., Lee, Y., & Lim, C. (2019). Factors Affecting the Disaster Response Competency of Emergency Medical Technicians in South Korea. Asian Nursing Research, 13(4), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.09.005

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51. Young, M. N., Diaz, J. F., Persada, S. F., & Redi, A. A. N. P. (2021). Factors affecting intention to prepare for mitigation of “the big one” earthquake in the Philippines: Integrating protection motivation theory and extended theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 63, 102467.

52. Yu, J., Sim, T., & Qi, W. (2022). Informal social support and disaster preparedness: Mediating roles of perceived collective efficacy and self-efficacy. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 68, 102734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102734.

Evaluating Puntland’s Disaster Risk Management Policy: Institutional Preparedness, Community Engagement and Implementation Challenges

Authors

Mohamed Musse Mohamed Kalakaan

Abstract

Disaster Risk Management (DRM) plays a pivotal role in governance, particularly in regions prone to recurrent hazards, such as Puntland, Somalia. This study critically examines the effectiveness of Puntland’s 2014 DRM Policy, focusing on institutional preparedness, community participation, and implementation challenges. It assesses whether the policy remains relevant in mitigating disaster risks, aligns with global frameworks, and integrates effectively into Puntland’s governance system. Findings indicate significant policy gaps, including weak institutional coordination, inadequate financial resources, and minimal public engagement in disaster response efforts. A case study of Qardho district illustrates the real-world impact of these shortcomings, particularly in response delays and ineffective recovery strategies. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive policy revision that enhances institutional capacity, defines clear stakeholder responsibilities, ensures sustainable funding, and promotes meaningful community involvement. Aligning Puntland’s DRM strategy with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Somalia National DRM Policy (2020) can strengthen regional resilience and adaptive capacity. By addressing these deficiencies, Puntland can establish a more effective, inclusive DRM framework that safeguards vulnerable communities and mitigates disaster risks.

Keywords

disaster risk management, public policy, institutional preparedness, Puntland, community engagement

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 507-518
Published: 2025-06-16

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Suggested Citation

Mohamed Kalakaan, M. M. (2025). Evaluating Puntland’s Disaster Risk Management Policy: Institutional Preparedness, Community Engagement and Implementation Challenges. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 507-518. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.29

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Declination of the Strategic Compass: Transatlantic Elites, German Leadership, and the Future of European Security

Authors

Vladimir Ilić, Miraš Milašinović

Abstract

The appointment of Friedrich Merz as Germany’s new Chancellor, following an unusual repeat vote, marked a significant shift in German and broader European political dynamics. This paper examines the enduring influence of transatlantic networks, notably the Atlantic Bridge (Atlantik-Brücke), on Germany’s strategic orientation within the evolving European security architecture. Through comparative and analytical-deductive methods, the study explores how elite transnational structures, shaped by economic and ideological power centres, influence the implementation and limitations of the European Union’s Strategic Compass for Security and Defence. The paper argues that this strategic framework, conceived as a response to contemporary crises such as the war in Ukraine, may be increasingly subject to “declinations” driven by competing geopolitical interests and internal legitimacy challenges within EU member states. By tracing the personal and institutional ties of key actors, including Chancellor Merz, the paper sheds light on the deeper geopolitical alignments that underpin NATO-EU cooperation and transatlantic risk governance. The findings highlight the urgent need for a more balanced and citizen-oriented security strategy if lasting peace and stability are to be achieved in Europe.

Keywords

security, emergency, Friedrich Merz, Atlantic Bridge, Strategic Compass, European Security, NATO, Transatlantic Elites, Risk Governance, Ukraine, Germany, EU Foreign Policy

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 495-506
Published: 2025-06-16

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Ilić, V., & Milašinović, M. (2025). Declination of the Strategic Compass: Transatlantic Elites, German Leadership, and the Future of European Security. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 495-506. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.28

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Teachers’ Perception Towards Responses of COVID-19 Pandemic Management in Gandaki Province of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Authors

Jyoti Chandra Ojha, Prakash Chandra Bhattarai, Bhimsen Devkota

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted numerous organisations, including those in the health, education, livelihood, and development sectors. The outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in the prolonged closure of many educational institutions. Health and education authorities made concerted efforts to maintain teaching and learning activities in schools. Teachers’ perceptions are crucial for the effectiveness of future pandemic response initiatives. Therefore, this study aims to assess teachers’ perceptions of the responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among teachers in community schools from June 29 to August 28, 2023, in the Gandaki Province of Nepal. The sample size consisted of 732 individuals, selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. A pretested questionnaire was self-administered. Data were analysed using the chi-square test and logistic regression at a 5% significance level. This study reveals that 69.7% of teachers held inadequate perceptions regarding efforts to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and reopen schools. Teachers with more experience (B = 0.11; p = 0.57) and those from urban municipalities (B = 0.02; p = 0.26) had a more positive perception of the responses. However, gender, monthly family income, work experience, number of family members, and municipal type were insignificantly associated with teachers’ perceptions of the responses to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. This study demonstrates that teachers had an inadequate level of perception regarding responses to COVID-19 pandemic management and the reopening of schools. These results suggest that policymakers and managers in the health and education sectors must develop comprehensive responses to prevent the entry and spread of COVID-19 among teachers, as well as to enhance the resilience of schools and society for future epidemics.

Keywords

disaster, COVID-19, cross-sectional, perception, responses, teachers

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 485-494
Published: 2025-06-16

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Ojha, J. C., Bhattarai, P. C., & Devkota, B. (2025). Teachers’ Perception Towards Responses of COVID-19 Pandemic Management in Gandaki Province of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Survey. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 485-494. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.27

References

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2. Bhatt, N., Bhatt, B., Gurung, S., Dahal, S., Jaishi, A., R., Neupane, B., Budhathoki. S., S., Perceptions and experiences of the public regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal: a qualitative study using phenomenological analysis. BMJ Open 2020;10:e043312. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2020-043312

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10. Mainali, R., Tosun, M. S., & Yilmaz, S. (2021). Local response to the COVID‐19 pandemic: The case of Nepal. Public Administration and Development, 41(3), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.1953

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12. Mokhele, M. O. (2024). Centres or Units: Making sense of decentralisation of disaster management in South African Municipalities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management. 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2024.6.2.2

13. Öcal, A., Cvetković, V. M., Baytiyeh, H., Tedim, F. M. S., & Zečević, M. (2020). Public reactions to the disaster COVID-19: a comparative study in Italy, Lebanon, Portugal, and Serbia. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 11(1), 1864-1885.

14. Olawuni, P., Olowoporoku, O., & Daramola, O. (2020). Determinants of Residents’ Participation in Disaster Risk Management in Lagos Metropolis Nigeria. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 2(2), 1-18.

15. Rayamajhee, B., Pokhrel, A., Syangtan, G., Khadka, S., Lama, B., Rawal, L. B……Yadav, U., N. (2021). How effectively is the Nepalese government responding to COVID-19? An experience from a resource-limited country to confront an unprecedented pandemic. Front. Public Health. 9:597808. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.597808

16. Shresth, S., Haque, S., Dawadi, S., Giri, R., A. (2022). Preparations for and practices of online education during the COVID‑19 pandemic: A study of Bangladesh and Nepal. Education and Information Technologies. 27:243–265 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10659-0

17. Shrestha, A. K., & Tamrakar, B. (2023). Teaching online during COVID-19 crisis: the lived experience of faculty members of Nepalese business schools. Journal of education and research. 13(1),43-67.https://doi.org/10.51474/jer.v13il.663

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Assessment of Climate-Induced Vulnerabilities and Poverty Alleviation Potential of Dry Fish Industry: An Ecological and Socio-economic Study in Cox’s Bazar District, Bangladesh

Authors

Abu Nayem Md. Kayes, Tasnim Tabassum, Md. Al Mominur Rahman Khan

Abstract

Climate change disrupts the ecosystem and decimates nature-dependent populations. The dried fish business in Cox's Bazar relies on raw fish. The community in Cox's Bazar district largely depends on these industries, which have contributed to poverty alleviation and local economic growth. However, they also have mixed ecological impacts, including positive outcomes and challenges such as waste generation. This paper assesses livelihood vulnerability in the coastal areas of Cox’s Bazar and Kutubdia through the LVI, LVI-IPCC, and various statistical tests. Data collection involved a survey of 150 households at each site, two focus group discussions (FGDs) at each site, and one key informant interview (KII) in each area. The results indicate that Kutubdia Island is more vulnerable than Cox’s Bazar, with an LVI value of 0.437. Initiatives for eco-friendliness, such as the adoption of Smart Solar Sun-Dryers, are being implemented. At the same time, the waste from this industry, which constitutes 14% of the waste in Cox's Bazar, is increasingly being reused for fish feed. These findings underscore the dual impact of this industry on the environment and its crucial role in the livelihoods of local communities. This will help policymakers formulate effective strategies for resource allocation, development planning, and policy formulation.

Keywords

vulnerability, poverty, climate change, smart solar sun dryer, dry fish industry

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 461-484
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

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Suggested Citation

Md. Kayes, A. N., Tasnim Tabassum, & Md. Al Mominur Rahman Khan. (2025). Assessment of Climate-Induced Vulnerabilities and Poverty Alleviation Potential of Dry Fish Industry: An Ecological and Socio-economic Study in Cox’s Bazar District, Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 461-484. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.26

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A Cross-National Study of Disaster Risk Management: Strengths and Weaknesses in Bulgaria, Romania, and Albania with Reflections on Serbia

Authors

Anja Beli, Renate Renner, Vladimir M. Cvetković, Aleksandar Ivanov, Jasmina Gačić

Abstract

This study examines disaster risk management systems in Bulgaria, Romania, and Albania, highlighting their distinct strengths and weaknesses while drawing comparisons to Serbia’s framework. The research underscores the growing urgency of disaster risk management in addressing challenges posed by natural and man-made (technological) hazards, which are further aggravated by climate change, globalisation, and socio-economic shifts. The study identifies best practices alongside systemic weaknesses by assessing the normative, institutional, and strategic frameworks of these countries. Key strengths include comprehensive legal systems, robust international partnerships, and sophisticated early warning mechanisms. However, these strengths are counterbalanced by limited local capacity, fragmented institutional coordination, and inadequate public awareness. The analysis highlights the potential for regional cooperation through a comparative lens, emphasising the importance of engaging local communities, enhancing early warning technologies, and aligning with global disaster management standards. The findings offer valuable insights into ongoing discussions about constructing resilient societies, providing practical recommendations to enhance disaster risk management systems across Southeastern Europe.

Keywords

disaster risk management, strenghts, weaknesses, resilience, regional collaboration, institutional capacities, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Serbia

Publication Details

Journal: International Journal of Disaster Risk Management
Year: 2025
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 431-460
Published: 2025-06-16

DOI and Full Text

DOI: View DOI record
Article Page: View article page
PDF: Download full-text PDF

Suggested Citation

Beli, A., Renner, R., Cvetković, V. M., Ivanov, A., & Gačić, J. (2025). A Cross-National Study of Disaster Risk Management: Strengths and Weaknesses in Bulgaria, Romania, and Albania with Reflections on Serbia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 7(1), 431-460. https://doi.org/10.18485/ijdrm.2025.7.1.25

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